Apophyllite Crystals
About Apophyllite crystals
The name apophyllite is derived from the Greek apophyllízo (ἀποφυλλίζω), meaning ‘it flakes off‘, a reference to this class’s tendency to flake apart when heated, due to water loss.
Originally apophyllite was thought to be one mineral. Nowadays, however, the name apophyllite is used as a group name for three different mineral variations:
- fluorapophyllite-(K),
- natroapophyllite-(Na),
- hydroxyapophyllite-(K).
These minerals are typically found as secondary minerals in vesicles in basalt or other volcanic rocks. In India it is commonly found in the Deccan Traps.
Among the apophyllite group, fluorapophyllite is the most abundant compared to the other two minerals in the group. It is popular among many mineral collectors because of the large, well-developed transparent to translucent crystals with a vitreous to pearly luster it forms and the multiple colors they come in:
Usually white, colorless, green, brown, yellow, red or violet
The most wanted variation of fluorapophyllite is the green-colored variant, which is found in India.
The crystal habit is prismatic, tabular, and massive which leads to a huge number of possible crystal shapes in many colors. This makes apophyllite being a mineral with an enormous variety of crystals.
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The Geology of the Indian Deccan Traps.
The Deccan Traps is one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. It consists of numerous layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than about 2,000 meters (6,600 ft) thick. Today it covers an area of about 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 sq mi), and has a volume of about 1,000,000 cubic kilometres (200,000 cu mi).
The term trap is derived from the Swedish word for stairs (trapp) and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region. The name Deccan has Sanskrit origins meaning “southern”.
The Deccan Traps began forming 66.25 million years ago, at the end of the Cretaceous period, when lava began to extrude through fissures in the crust known as fissure eruptions. This series of eruptions may have lasted for less than 30,000 years.
The release of volcanic gases, particularly sulfur dioxide, during the formation of the traps may have contributed to climate change. An average drop in temperature of about 2 °C (3.6 °F) was recorded during this period.
Work published in 2014 by geologist Gerta Keller and others on the timing of the Deccan volcanism suggests the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event may have been caused by both the volcanism at the decan traps and the Chicxulub impact event in North America, which would have produced a sunlight-blocking dust cloud that killed much of the plant life and reduced global temperature (this cooling is called an impact winter).
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